植物能够招募有益根际微生物来应对环境刺激，但植物感知胁迫以启动根际微生物招募的上游信号仍不清楚。

Organic pollutant-induced long-distance ROS signaling drives plant systemic acquired acclimation via rhizomicrobiota

摘要

（1）Plants can recruit beneficial rhizomicrobes to combat environmental stimuli, but the upstream signaling through which plants sense stress to initiate rhizomicrobial recruitment still remains unclear.植物能够招募有益根际微生物来应对环境刺激，但植物感知胁迫以启动根际微生物招募的上游信号仍不清楚。

（2）This study elucidates the role of long-distance ROS signaling in driving the recruitment of beneficial rhizobacteria to establish systemic acclimation following local organic pollutant stress.本研究阐明了长距离活性氧信号在驱动有益根际细菌招募以建立局部有机污染物胁迫后系统性 acclimation 中的作用。

（3）Plant leaves sense various organic pollutants to generate ROS, followed by the occurrence of a long-distance ROS wave from leaves to roots via a Ca²⁺-RBOH-ROS signaling module.植物叶片感知多种有机污染物后产生活性氧，随后通过 Ca²⁺-RBOH-ROS 信号模块发生从叶片到根部的长距离活性氧波。

（4） Elevated ROS in roots plays dual functions.根部升高的活性氧发挥双重功能。

（5）First, ROS stimulates plant carbon release into the rhizosphere by increasing the permeability of root cell membranes.第一，活性氧通过增加根部细胞膜的通透性，刺激植物向根际释放碳。

（6）The released carbon flux enriches plant-beneficial bacterial genera, which in turn promotes plant growth and pollutant degradation.释放的碳通量富集了对植物有益的细菌属，这反过来促进了植物生长和污染物降解。

（7） Second, NO acts downstream of ROS to loosen root cell walls, facilitating rhizobacterial colonization.第二，一氧化氮在活性氧下游发挥作用，松弛根部细胞壁，促进根际细菌定殖。

（8）Our findings show how plants deploy systemic signaling to acquire help from rhizomicrobes, extending our understanding of plant environmental adaptability.我们的发现展示了植物如何部署系统信号来获取根际微生物的帮助，拓展了我们对植物环境适应性的理解。

（9）Result

（10） Foliar exposure to various organic pollutants enriches common beneficial bacteria in rhizosphere 叶面暴露于各种有机污染物使根际常见有益菌富集

（11） Foliar exposure of organic pollutants promotes plant carbon effluxes有机污染物的叶面暴露促进植物碳外流

（12） Root carbon effluxes recruit rhizosphere beneficial bacteria 根碳外流招募根际有益细菌

（13） Foliar exposure of organic pollutants triggers long-distance transmission of Ca2+-dependent ROS signaling from leaves to roots 有机污染物的叶面暴露触发Ca2+依赖的ROS信号从叶子到根的长距离传输

（14） ROS increase in roots enhances plant carbon efflux into rhizosphere 根中活性氧的增加增强了植物碳流入根际

（15） Root NO acts downstream of ROS to promote beneficial bacteria colonization 根NO作用于活性氧的下游，促进有益菌的定居

图5证明了NO是ROS信号的下游执行分子，通过降低纤维素含量、松弛细胞壁，为根际有益菌的定殖创造了物理条件。 同时，NO与ROS之间形成正反馈环，放大信号效应。这解释了“根部信号如何转化为物理结构变化，从而促进菌群定殖”。

（2）This study elucidates the role of long-distance ROS signaling in driving the recruitment of beneficial rhizobacteria to establish systemic acclimation following local organic pollutant stress.本研究阐明了长距离活性氧信号在驱动有益根际细菌招募以建立局部有机污染物胁迫后系统性 acclimation 中的作用。

（3）Plant leaves sense various organic pollutants to generate ROS, followed by the occurrence of a long-distance ROS wave from leaves to roots via a Ca²⁺-RBOH-ROS signaling module.植物叶片感知多种有机污染物后产生活性氧，随后通过 Ca²⁺-RBOH-ROS 信号模块发生从叶片到根部的长距离活性氧波。