（1）研究了智利高海拔盐沼中两种本土植物的根际微生物组，发现它们各自招募了不同的微生物“盟友”，并采取了截然不同的生存策略来应对极端环境。

（2）D. curvula 根际富集的菌属：Ilumatobacter, Nesterenkonia, Tropicimonas, Nitriliruptor。W. incisa 根际富集的菌属：Pseudarthrobacter, Kocuria, Crossiella, Blastococcus。注意：Blastococcus 和 Modestobacter 这类放线菌以抗紫外线、耐干燥、基因组可塑性强而闻名，它们在两种植物根际都占主导，表明这些菌可能是该极端环境下的“基础”微生物。

Background

（1）Global food security faces mounting pressure from population growth, climate change, and deteriorating soil conditions. 全球粮食安全面临着来自人口增长、气候变化和土壤条件恶化的越来越大的压力。 

（2）Rhizospheric microbial communities (rhizobiomes) play a key role in plant physiology, enhancing growth and tolerance to abiotic stress. 根际微生物群落(在植物生理学中起着关键作用，促进生长和对非生物胁迫的耐受性。

（3） To explore their potential contribution to plant resilience in extreme environments, we characterized the rhizobiomes of Deyeuxia curvula and Werneria incisa across the Salar de Huasco (SH) in the Chilean Altiplano (~3800 masl), a polyextreme ecosystem characterized by high UV radiation, salinity gradients, water scarcity, and high metal concentrations. 为了探索它们在极端环境中对植物适应性的潜在贡献，我们对智利高原(~ 3800 masl)的Huasco盐沼中Deyeuxia curvula【野青茅属】和Werneria incisa【沃纳菊属】的根际微生物组进行了表征，这是一个多极端生态系统，其特征是高紫外线辐射、盐度梯度、缺水和高金属浓度。  

（4）Our objectives were to identify microbial taxa associated with plant adaptation and to infer functional traits linked to survival under these conditions. 我们的目标是确定与植物适应相关的微生物类群，并推断与这些条件下的生存相关的功能特征。

（5）We generated 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data from 200 rhizosphere samples. Both host plant identity and geographic location significantly shaped microbial community composition, with site explaining a larger proportion of variance than plant identity alone. 我们从200个根际样品中获得了16S rRNA扩增子测序数据。宿主植物的特性和地理位置都显著地影响了微生物群落的组成，与单独的植物特性相比，位置可以解释更大比例的变异。  

（6）Actinomycetota dominated both rhizobiomes, with genera such as Modestobacter and Blastococcus (known for UV resistance, desiccation tolerance, and genomic plasticity) contributing to species-specific profiles. 放线菌在两种根际微生物组中都占主导地位，Modestobacter和Blastococcus(以抗紫外线、耐干燥和基因组可塑性而闻名)等属有助于形成种特异性图谱。

（7） At the genus level, Ilumatobacter, Nesterenkonia, Tropicimonas, and Nitriliruptor were enriched in D. curvula, whereas Pseudarthrobacter, Kocuria, Crossiella, and Blastococcus were more abundant in W. incisa. Network analysis revealed greater complexity and functional redundancy in D. curvula, while W. incisa harbored a more generalist network. 在属的水平上，Ilumatobacter、Nesterenkonia、Tropicimonas和Nitriliruptor在D. curvula中富集，而Pseudarthrobacter、Kocuria、Crossiella和Blastococcus在W. incisa中更为丰富。

（8）网络分析显示D. curvula具有更大的复杂性和功能冗余性，而W. incisa则拥有一个更通用的网络。 

（9）Functional predictions indicated that chemoheterotrophy dominates both rhizobiomes, while denitrification, methylotrophy, and ureolysis were enriched in W. incisa, and osmotic stress-tolerance functions such as glycine betaine cycling were enriched in D. curvula. 功能预测表明，化能异养菌在两种根际微生物组中都占优势，而反硝化、甲基营养和尿素分解在门坎藻中富集，渗透胁迫耐受功能如甘氨酸甜菜碱循环在弯孢霉中富集。

（10） The two plants follow contrasting ecological strategies: D. curvula relies on a specialization and resilience strategy supported by a diverse, stress-adapted rhizobiome, while W. incisa employs a nutritional versatility strategy through a generalist, metabolically flexible community. 这两种植物遵循截然不同的生态策略: D. curvula根际微生物组依赖于多样化的、适应胁迫的根际菌所支持的特化和弹性策略，而W. incisa微生物组则通过一个通才的、代谢灵活的群落采用了营养多样性策略。

（11）  These findings highlight the value of high-altitude Andean rhizobiomes as reservoirs of great biodiversity with relevant functions for future biotechnological applications particularly for agriculture under arid and saline conditions. This underscores the importance of extending conservation policies to native microbial communities in protected areas such as the Salar de Huasco. 这些发现强调了高海拔安第斯根际菌作为具有巨大生物多样性的水库的价值，以及对未来生物技术应用的相关功能，特别是在干旱和盐碱条件下的农业应用。这强调了将保护政策扩展到受保护地区(如Salar de Huasco)的本地微生物群落的重要性。

 To explore their potential contribution to plant resilience in extreme environments, we characterized the rhizobiomes of Deyeuxia curvula and Werneria incisa across the Salar de Huasco (SH) in the Chilean Altiplano (~3800 masl), a polyextreme多极端 ecosystem characterized by high UV radiation, salinity gradients, water scarcity, and high metal concentrations.